Ok, chains... if you look between the hook that holds the chain (while chained up) and the bar, that's how many links you use... or conversely, how many chain links you have left "free." You want either more chain links (try just one more) between the hook and the bar showing, or one LESS chain link "free." Changing the links won't change the angle of the front of the trailer (and how much in the trailer doesn't effect the chains and how they look)... what it WILL do is switch how much weight is "transfered" from the trailer to either the front of rear of the truck's tires.
Navy ... hmmm... an analogy.... You have a small boat, and say there's ten people in it. You can have all the people in the front, and the weight transfer will make the bow ride LOW. Put them all in the rear, and the bow rides high... you want the right balance of "people" to make the boat ride right in the water. Same with your trailer. Imagine that the trailer has a set weight on it's two tires, and a weight on it's tongue just sitting there not attached to the ball. You hook up to the truck, and that set weight is sitting on the rear of the truck (your bow is high....). You want to "move" those people around in your truck to get it's bow "just right." Those bars (WD bars) "move" the tongue weight forward off the rear of the truck to the front.... so that 500 pounds or so of the tongue will be distributed between the front and rear wheels better.
What will happen if the bars come off? Towing short distances with them disconnected will be fine.... just reduce your speed. However, at higher speed, you'll probably find that the truck's steering wheels are "light" and feels squirelly. (sp). Don't worry, you'll be ok!
What feels 'right"? You probably are there.... or close to it. The trailer should track well, you should feel confident on the road without trailer sway... no white knuckles.
Happy trails!
Marc
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