Steve, to maximize the load carrying potentail, and minimize stress on the wood, I would use clear lexan on both sides of the wood, making a sandwich.
A larger piece of lexan inside the pocket door will spread the weight of the television out more, for you folks with the pocket door. I have no experience with the pocket doorm, though, so y'all are on your own for that part
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A small dab of clear silicone on the base of the nead of the carriage bolt will hold it in place for mounting, and if/when you want to remove it, it will allow the bolt to come out with only a little effort, unlike the epoxy suggestion. Also, since it is clear, any excess you don't wipe up will be much less visible.
If you don't like silicone, you can get a tube of 3M plastic and emblem adhesive, it is more like a glue, and will hold the bolt to the lexan, but not the wood.