It's an air admittance valve, an alternate to the regular stack, which is a pipe through the roof.
Have a look here:
air admittance valve:
https://www.google.ca/webhp?sourceid...mittance+valve
I have one on a sink in our basement, a "bar" sink, and in the 4 years we have been here it has not been a problem. However, that sink is never used. I only run it once in a while to make sure there is water in the "P" trap.
Therefore, while I can ID it, I can't comment on its workings.
__________________
“Courage is being scared to death, but saddling up anyway.”
...John Wayne...........................